IMMPACT: Partitioning and Handling Massive Models for Interactive Collision Detection
We describe an approach for interactive collision detection and proximity computations on massive models composed of millions of geometric primitives. We address issues related to interactive data access and processing in a large geometric database, which may not fit into main memory of typical desktop workstations or computers. We present a new algorithm using overlap graphs for localizing the "regions of interest" within a massive model, thereby reducing runtime memory requirements. The overlap graph is computed off-line, pre-processed using graph partitioning algorithms, and modified on the fly as needed. At run time, we traverse localized sub-graphs to check the corresponding geometry for proximity and pre-fetch geometry and auxiliary data structures. To perform interactive proximity queries, we use bounding-volume hierarchies and take advantage of spatial and temporal coherence. Based on the proposed algorithms, we have developed a system called IMMPACT and used it for interaction with a CAD model of a power plant consisting of over 15 million triangles. We are able to perform a number of proximity queries in real-time on such a model.
This research is documented in "Partitioning and Handling Massive Models for Interactive Collision Detection", a paper to appear in Eurographics 1999. Images and video footage documenting IMMPACT, the system described in the paper, are available below. The paper itself (gzipped Postscript, 416K) can be downloaded as well.
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Environments such as this, with dense, complex geometry to either side of a narrow path, are difficult to handle when testing for clearance. |
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A group of pipes farther up in the power plant near the 45th floor. These pipes are a single object in the original model. |
Proximity test performed with a proximity threshold of 10mm. |
Same test with a threshold of 300mm. |
Same test, with a threshold of 500mm. |
Same test, with a threshold of 1 meter. |
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A wrench is being tested against a group of pipes. The entire array of yellow pipes was a single object in the original model; here, we have subdivided it into several smaller objects. |
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